From,
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"Lebanese immigration to Australia began in the latter part of the nineteenth century and the community which now numbers more than 300,000 people has made a profound contribution to the development of Australia as a nation. Australians of Lebanese ancestry live all over Australia with concentrations of more recently arrived settlers in Sydney and Melbourne."
(nb. I suspect that the 300,000 figure includes a lot of people with mixed ancestries)
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"Migration to Australia Lebanese migration and settlement in Australia has been in three main waves reflecting the history of the area. The first two were mainly Christian and the third, mainly Muslim. The immigration and settlement experience for each group has been quite different.
The first wave commenced around 1880, although there were some earlier arrivals. These early immigrants were known as Syrians but they were clbuttified as Turks by the colonial governments of the day. The area now known as Lebanon was still under Ottoman control. Many of these people intended to join relatives in New York but, exploited by unscrupulous shipping agents, found themselves in Australia instead. Life was not easy without English or contacts. Undaunted, immigrants with capital became small businessmen opening warehouses and drapery, hairdressing and grocery shops. Others quickly helped fill a need for itinerant hawkers selling their wares all over the country, often supplied by the newly established shopkeepers and warehousemen. When the hawkers ambutted enough money they opened their own stores, often in country towns. Once the decision to stay in Australia was made they sent for the rest of their extended families. The second generation spoke English, were well educated and entered most professions.
Aussie Racial Violence CondemnedOn Mon, 12 Dec 2005 14:24:43 -0500, "Faris Jawad" Snip (Bullpoo) The only racial overtone here is the complete lack of respect the Lebanese gangs have for Australia and themselves. It is easy...
The great majority of these first migrants were Christians including Maronites, Orthodox and Melkites. A small number of Druze settled in South Australia. In Australia many Lebanese Christians supported the existing Orthodox and Catholic communities. The first Melkite church was established in 1895, the first Maronite in 1897 and the first Orthodox in 1901.
Significant numbers of these migrants or their Australian born children served in Australia's forces during both world wars. During WWI when some young men or their parents were still clbutted as Turks many enlisted and fought on all fronts. Many became military interpreters in the Middle East. Many lost their lives. In WWII young men and women from most families enlisted. They served with distinction in all three armed forces in overseas conflicts and in Australia. Many were imprisoned and many were end in the service of their country.
The second wave came between 1947 and 1976 when about 43,000 Lebanese settlers, very few of whom were buttisted immigrants, arrived in Australia. Nearly all were educated to at least primary level and many already spoke two languages, Arabic and French, and quickly learned English. Like the first wave the decision to migrate had usually been made for economic reasons. Many of these migrants were "chain migrants" who had come to join other family members or acquaintances, already settled in Australia, who could offer support. There were also church and community organisations established by the first wave ready to help them. In the prevailing climate of high employment jobs were soon found in factories or businesses owned by community members. Other newcomers started small businesses of their own, manufacturing clothing or furniture, opening milk bars and garages or driving taxis. They worked hard and, in the main, quickly improved their situations.
The outbreak of civil war in Lebanon in 1976 brought about the third wave of Lebanese settlers. More than 16,000 Lebanese moved to Australia between 1976 and1981. Many came under the Australian Government's Special Humanitarian Program. This allowed people who had close Australian connections and whose lives and safety were threatened by the war, entry to Australia. They were not clbutted as refugees and had to rely on their own, often very limited, resources and those of their Australian "connection." They then became part of a chain sponsoring further immigrants putting an even greater strain on their resources. Many of these migrants, having experienced war and loss, had few possessions. Most spoke only Arabic and many had limited or disrupted education. Many were from rural areas with few skills which could be adapted easily to work in an Australia where there was no longer full employment. As most of these new arrivals were Muslims, Islamic societies became their focal points. Sunni mosques were established in both Melbourne and Sydney.
Aussie Racial Violence CondemnedAussie Racial Violence Condemned Sydney, December 12, 2005 (IslamOnline.net & News Agencies) - Racial violence hiked for the second straight day in Australia Monday, December 12, prompting condemnations...
Lebanese community groups in Australia are usually based on religious affiliations or village buttociations rather than national idenbreasty. These groups help to meet the differing cultural, settlement and welfare needs of the people from particular faiths or villages and towns. There are also Lebanese buttociations which help bring the different groups together. Lebanese settlers and their descendents have made a valuable contribution to the development of the professional, business, political and cultural life of Australia.
Prominent Australians of Lebanese ancestry include:
Zita Antonios, former Federal Race Discrimination Commissioner Professor Marie Bashir, first woman Governor of New South Wales Dr Trevor Batrouney, historian and social researcher Steve Bracks, Premier of Victoria Dr. Glen John Coorey, specialist urologist, teacher and philanthropist Benny Elias, rugby league player who captained New South Wales and Australia, playing 22 state of origin games and 14 international tests Saade Ghazi, Port Melbourne football coach and 1989 J.J. Liston medallist Hasem El Masri, Canterbury Bulldogs winger, and role model for children and young people Pierre Elmurr, sports vision consultant Ahmed Elrich, Socceroo, member of Australia's Under 23s Athens Olympic soccer team, and supporter of children's charities Joe Galani, founder of one of the largest furniture businesses in Australia David Malouf, one of Australia's most acclaimed authors and winner of major international awards Daizy Gedeon Mir, journalist and film maker Dr Fred Nbutter, leading cardiologist and volunteer surgeon Geoffrey Saba, renowned pianist Reuben Scarf, clothing manufacturer and retailer, and philanthropist Sir Nicholas Shehadie, Wallabies rugby union captain and Lord Mayor of Sydney."
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